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РЕШУ ЦТ — английский язык
Вариант № 22519
1.  
i

Рас­по­ло­жи­те ре­пли­ки так, чтобы по­лу­чил­ся связ­ный диа­лог. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та.

 

A.  Is it a difficult language to learn?

B.  What have you been doing in Lebanon since you arrived?

C.  I love it so I wanted to continue doing it here. A lot of Lebanese women want to learn how to belly dance.

D.  Incredibly! Especially the pronunciation. You have to learn to make a lot of new sounds.

E.  You also teach belly dancing here. How did that happen?

F.  Well, I found a fantastic art teacher, and I've been having classes with her since October. She's great and she speaks English, which is lucky because I don't know much Arabic yet.

1) BCAFED
2) BFADEC
3) AFBCED
4) ADBCEF
2.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те диа­лог. От­веть­те на во­прос, сле­ду­ю­щий после диа­ло­га, вы­брав один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов
от­ве­та.

 

Carl: Professor Fuller’s class seems pretty interesting.

Liz: I couldn’t agree more.

 

What does Liz mean?

1) She thinks Professor Fuller’s class is boring.
2) She doesn’t know Professor Fuller.
3) She agrees with Carl’s remark.
4) She doesn’t understand Carl’s remark.
3.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ния. Ука­жи­те номер вы­де­лен­но­го фраг­мен­та, в ко­то­ром до­пу­ще­на ошиб­ка.

 

When I was at my parents’ house (1) on Thursday (2) I looked through my old album (3), which was full of photographs (4) of people which names (5) I forgot.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
5) 5
4.  
i

Alex Morton is a talented writer who (1) ... a very interesting life. He was born in 1945 in Manchester, and he was the youngest of six children. From the moment he could read, he was never without a book in his hands. He was a very keen reader throughout his schooldays, and he soon showed his talent for writing, too. After he left school he went to Manchester University. By the time he got his BA, he (2) ... a number of short stories, and his first novel (3) ... . Over the next few years he (4) ... non-stop and each of his books was more successful than the last. Despite being so busy with his work, Alex still found time for romance. He met Fiona Jones while he was at university and they (5) ... in 1971. They have two children. He has always been a devoted husband and father. Alex Morton (6) ... over twenty books so far and his name has been on the best seller list more times than he can remember. However, the peak of his career was when he (7) ... the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1995. Since then, Alex has continued to write and many of his books have been made into films.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

1) was led
2) has been led
3) has led
4) was leading
5.  
i

Alex Morton is a talented writer who (1) ... a very interesting life. He was born in 1945 in Manchester, and he was the youngest of six children. From the moment he could read, he was never without a book in his hands. He was a very keen reader throughout his schooldays, and he soon showed his talent for writing, too. After he left school he went to Manchester University. By the time he got his BA, he (2) ... a number of short stories, and his first novel (3) ... . Over the next few years he (4) ... non-stop and each of his books was more successful than the last. Despite being so busy with his work, Alex still found time for romance. He met Fiona Jones while he was at university and they (5) ... in 1971. They have two children. He has always been a devoted husband and father. Alex Morton (6) ... over twenty books so far and his name has been on the best seller list more times than he can remember. However, the peak of his career was when he (7) ... the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1995. Since then, Alex has continued to write and many of his books have been made into films.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

1) was written
2) is writing
3) has been written
4) wrote
6.  
i

Alex Morton is a talented writer who (1) ... a very interesting life. He was born in 1945 in Manchester, and he was the youngest of six children. From the moment he could read, he was never without a book in his hands. He was a very keen reader throughout his schooldays, and he soon showed his talent for writing, too. After he left school he went to Manchester University. By the time he got his BA, he (2) ... a number of short stories, and his first novel (3) ... . Over the next few years he (4) ... non-stop and each of his books was more successful than the last. Despite being so busy with his work, Alex still found time for romance. He met Fiona Jones while he was at university and they (5) ... in 1971. They have two children. He has always been a devoted husband and father. Alex Morton (6) ... over twenty books so far and his name has been on the best seller list more times than he can remember. However, the peak of his career was when he (7) ... the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1995. Since then, Alex has continued to write and many of his books have been made into films.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (6).

1) has written
2) wrote
3) had written
4) is writing
7.  
i

Alex Morton is a talented writer who (1) ... a very interesting life. He was born in 1945 in Manchester, and he was the youngest of six children. From the moment he could read, he was never without a book in his hands. He was a very keen reader throughout his schooldays, and he soon showed his talent for writing, too. After he left school he went to Manchester University. By the time he got his BA, he (2) ... a number of short stories, and his first novel (3) ... . Over the next few years he (4) ... non-stop and each of his books was more successful than the last. Despite being so busy with his work, Alex still found time for romance. He met Fiona Jones while he was at university and they (5) ... in 1971. They have two children. He has always been a devoted husband and father. Alex Morton (6) ... over twenty books so far and his name has been on the best seller list more times than he can remember. However, the peak of his career was when he (7) ... the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1995. Since then, Alex has continued to write and many of his books have been made into films.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (7).

1) awarded
2) has awarded
3) was awarded
4) has been awarded
8.  
i

Like most tourists, I enjoy taking photographs on holiday and can't wait to show them to friends and family when I get back. But whilst for me they represent treasured memories, to others they are more often than not simply a collection of boring, badly composed, out of focus pictures. So this year I decided to do something about this by booking myself on a trip to Rome which included photography lessons.

The first time I went to Rome, I remember thinking that it was a photographer's paradise with a fantastic photo opportunity lying around every corner. (1)___ Added to this was the fact that there were crowds of tourists everywhere, blocking all the best views. But this second time things were different. Antonio, my photography tutor, was on hand to give expert advice every step of the way.

The first thing Antonio told our group was that the secret to creating a good photographic image rather than just a snapshot is to first take a long look at what you want to photograph. For example, he said, you should consider the background just as much as you do the subject. (2)___ You can get unwanted figures out of your image simply by getting down on your knees to take a picture, for instance, or changing the angle of the shot.

Our first port of call was Piazza Navona, where Antonio gave us advice about how to photograph the Fountain of Neptune. (3)___ Then, he added that we should take the photo with the fountain slightly off centre.

Next, we headed off to the Pantheon, which was originally an ancient Roman temple. Along the way, I took the opportunity to photograph anything that caught my eye. The Pantheon itself is so huge that it is impossible to take a good photograph of the whole thing. (4)___ I tried out this technique by lying down on the floor and taking a picture of just one section of the great domed ceiling. I was pretty pleased with the results.

For the next couple of hours, we wandered around the historic centre visiting many of Rome's architectural highlights. (5)___ And I felt that I was really able to appreciate the sights as I had to look at each one so carefully in order to get good pictures.

We finished off our first morning tour with a stop at a traditional Roman street café. After all the hard work and walking I'd done, a large Italian ice cream seemed like the perfect reward! (6)___ It felt like a whole new world had opened up to me. I learnt an incredible amount over the next two days, as well as having a thoroughly enjoyable time in one of the world's most beautiful cities.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — Firstly, he said, we should try to include the background in an unusual way.

2  — Yet by myself I didn't have a clue how to go about getting some good shots.

3  — Some of the advice didn't work as well as I expected.

4  — How you position yourself is also really important.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
9.  
i

Like most tourists, I enjoy taking photographs on holiday and can't wait to show them to friends and family when I get back. But whilst for me they represent treasured memories, to others they are more often than not simply a collection of boring, badly composed, out of focus pictures. So this year I decided to do something about this by booking myself on a trip to Rome which included photography lessons.

The first time I went to Rome, I remember thinking that it was a photographer's paradise with a fantastic photo opportunity lying around every corner. (1)___ Added to this was the fact that there were crowds of tourists everywhere, blocking all the best views. But this second time things were different. Antonio, my photography tutor, was on hand to give expert advice every step of the way.

The first thing Antonio told our group was that the secret to creating a good photographic image rather than just a snapshot is to first take a long look at what you want to photograph. For example, he said, you should consider the background just as much as you do the subject. (2)___ You can get unwanted figures out of your image simply by getting down on your knees to take a picture, for instance, or changing the angle of the shot.

Our first port of call was Piazza Navona, where Antonio gave us advice about how to photograph the Fountain of Neptune. (3)___ Then, he added that we should take the photo with the fountain slightly off centre.

Next, we headed off to the Pantheon, which was originally an ancient Roman temple. Along the way, I took the opportunity to photograph anything that caught my eye. The Pantheon itself is so huge that it is impossible to take a good photograph of the whole thing. (4)___ I tried out this technique by lying down on the floor and taking a picture of just one section of the great domed ceiling. I was pretty pleased with the results.

For the next couple of hours, we wandered around the historic centre visiting many of Rome's architectural highlights. (5)___ And I felt that I was really able to appreciate the sights as I had to look at each one so carefully in order to get good pictures.

We finished off our first morning tour with a stop at a traditional Roman street café. After all the hard work and walking I'd done, a large Italian ice cream seemed like the perfect reward! (6)___ It felt like a whole new world had opened up to me. I learnt an incredible amount over the next two days, as well as having a thoroughly enjoyable time in one of the world's most beautiful cities.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — Firstly, he said, we should try to include the background in an unusual way.

2  — Yet by myself I didn't have a clue how to go about getting some good shots.

3  — Some of the advice didn't work as well as I expected.

4  — How you position yourself is also really important.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
10.  
i

Like most tourists, I enjoy taking photographs on holiday and can't wait to show them to friends and family when I get back. But whilst for me they represent treasured memories, to others they are more often than not simply a collection of boring, badly composed, out of focus pictures. So this year I decided to do something about this by booking myself on a trip to Rome which included photography lessons.

The first time I went to Rome, I remember thinking that it was a photographer's paradise with a fantastic photo opportunity lying around every corner. (1)___ Added to this was the fact that there were crowds of tourists everywhere, blocking all the best views. But this second time things were different. Antonio, my photography tutor, was on hand to give expert advice every step of the way.

The first thing Antonio told our group was that the secret to creating a good photographic image rather than just a snapshot is to first take a long look at what you want to photograph. For example, he said, you should consider the background just as much as you do the subject. (2)___ You can get unwanted figures out of your image simply by getting down on your knees to take a picture, for instance, or changing the angle of the shot.

Our first port of call was Piazza Navona, where Antonio gave us advice about how to photograph the Fountain of Neptune. (3)___ Then, he added that we should take the photo with the fountain slightly off centre.

Next, we headed off to the Pantheon, which was originally an ancient Roman temple. Along the way, I took the opportunity to photograph anything that caught my eye. The Pantheon itself is so huge that it is impossible to take a good photograph of the whole thing. (4)___ I tried out this technique by lying down on the floor and taking a picture of just one section of the great domed ceiling. I was pretty pleased with the results.

For the next couple of hours, we wandered around the historic centre visiting many of Rome's architectural highlights. (5)___ And I felt that I was really able to appreciate the sights as I had to look at each one so carefully in order to get good pictures.

We finished off our first morning tour with a stop at a traditional Roman street café. After all the hard work and walking I'd done, a large Italian ice cream seemed like the perfect reward! (6)___ It felt like a whole new world had opened up to me. I learnt an incredible amount over the next two days, as well as having a thoroughly enjoyable time in one of the world's most beautiful cities.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — Firstly, he said, we should try to include the background in an unusual way.

2  — Yet by myself I didn't have a clue how to go about getting some good shots.

3  — Some of the advice didn't work as well as I expected.

4  — How you position yourself is also really important.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
11.  
i

Like most tourists, I enjoy taking photographs on holiday and can't wait to show them to friends and family when I get back. But whilst for me they represent treasured memories, to others they are more often than not simply a collection of boring, badly composed, out of focus pictures. So this year I decided to do something about this by booking myself on a trip to Rome which included photography lessons.

The first time I went to Rome, I remember thinking that it was a photographer's paradise with a fantastic photo opportunity lying around every corner. (1)___ Added to this was the fact that there were crowds of tourists everywhere, blocking all the best views. But this second time things were different. Antonio, my photography tutor, was on hand to give expert advice every step of the way.

The first thing Antonio told our group was that the secret to creating a good photographic image rather than just a snapshot is to first take a long look at what you want to photograph. For example, he said, you should consider the background just as much as you do the subject. (2)___ You can get unwanted figures out of your image simply by getting down on your knees to take a picture, for instance, or changing the angle of the shot.

Our first port of call was Piazza Navona, where Antonio gave us advice about how to photograph the Fountain of Neptune. (3)___ Then, he added that we should take the photo with the fountain slightly off centre.

Next, we headed off to the Pantheon, which was originally an ancient Roman temple. Along the way, I took the opportunity to photograph anything that caught my eye. The Pantheon itself is so huge that it is impossible to take a good photograph of the whole thing. (4)___ I tried out this technique by lying down on the floor and taking a picture of just one section of the great domed ceiling. I was pretty pleased with the results.

For the next couple of hours, we wandered around the historic centre visiting many of Rome's architectural highlights. (5)___ And I felt that I was really able to appreciate the sights as I had to look at each one so carefully in order to get good pictures.

We finished off our first morning tour with a stop at a traditional Roman street café. After all the hard work and walking I'd done, a large Italian ice cream seemed like the perfect reward! (6)___ It felt like a whole new world had opened up to me. I learnt an incredible amount over the next two days, as well as having a thoroughly enjoyable time in one of the world's most beautiful cities.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (5) одним из пред­ло­жен­ных тек­сто­вых фраг­мен­тов.

 

1  — I didn't get at all tired, even though I was on my feet for such a long time.

2  — According to Antonio, however, it's much better to try to find one interesting detail.

3  — Afterwards, feeling refreshed, I spent the rest of the afternoon alone practising my new skills.

4  — It just goes to show that it is not the equipment that counts but how you use it.

1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
12.  
i

One thing I have never understood is the desire to live in the country. People (1) ... life in the city with crime and noise and they have the impression that life in the country must be safer and quieter. On the (2) ..., country life has just as many hazards (опас­но­сти) as the big city. I have a friend who lives next to a farm and he (3) ... that it's noisier living there than it ever was in London. The birds and animals start (4) ... a noise first thing in the morning, quickly followed by the farm machinery. And as for crime, my friend's car has been (5) ... four times in four years. People who think the country is the safest place to be can't be right!

The other myth is that the countryside is a friendly place. Whenever I (6) ... time in the country, I'm surprised by how busy people are. They never seem to speak to each other for more than a minute or two. On my (7) ... back from work, I often (8) ... across three or four neighbours and we have a long chat. It's that connection with other people that I would (9) ... most if I lived in the country.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1).

1) tie
2) associate
3) attach
4) join
13.  
i

One thing I have never understood is the desire to live in the country. People (1) ... life in the city with crime and noise and they have the impression that life in the country must be safer and quieter. On the (2) ..., country life has just as many hazards (опас­но­сти) as the big city. I have a friend who lives next to a farm and he (3) ... that it's noisier living there than it ever was in London. The birds and animals start (4) ... a noise first thing in the morning, quickly followed by the farm machinery. And as for crime, my friend's car has been (5) ... four times in four years. People who think the country is the safest place to be can't be right!

The other myth is that the countryside is a friendly place. Whenever I (6) ... time in the country, I'm surprised by how busy people are. They never seem to speak to each other for more than a minute or two. On my (7) ... back from work, I often (8) ... across three or four neighbours and we have a long chat. It's that connection with other people that I would (9) ... most if I lived in the country.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2).

1) contrary
2) opposite
3) contrast
4) difference
14.  
i

One thing I have never understood is the desire to live in the country. People (1) ... life in the city with crime and noise and they have the impression that life in the country must be safer and quieter. On the (2) ..., country life has just as many hazards (опас­но­сти) as the big city. I have a friend who lives next to a farm and he (3) ... that it's noisier living there than it ever was in London. The birds and animals start (4) ... a noise first thing in the morning, quickly followed by the farm machinery. And as for crime, my friend's car has been (5) ... four times in four years. People who think the country is the safest place to be can't be right!

The other myth is that the countryside is a friendly place. Whenever I (6) ... time in the country, I'm surprised by how busy people are. They never seem to speak to each other for more than a minute or two. On my (7) ... back from work, I often (8) ... across three or four neighbours and we have a long chat. It's that connection with other people that I would (9) ... most if I lived in the country.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Вы­бе­ри­те один из пред­ло­жен­ных ва­ри­ан­тов от­ве­та. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4).

1) doing
2) giving
3) making
4) shouting
15.  
i

§ 1. There used to be a general feeling that computer games were bad for you, and books were good. Now people are not so sure. Researchers have found that computer games, television and the Internet have become key factors in boosting children's IQs up to levels never reached by past generations.

§ 2. The idea that intelligence can be measured was first suggested about a century ago, but at that time it was hard to find tests that gave useful results. Over the past two decades, however, tests have become more complex and researchers have found that IQ scores can give a good indication of what children's future exam results will be. Some experts have even claimed that IQ scores can accurately predict what level of income and status young people will achieve in adult life.

§ 3. Why are today's youngsters doing so much better than their grandparents? Of course, better nutrition, higher standards of living and improved education all play their part in raising general levels of intelligence. But there seems to be more to it than that. Scientists are attributing the change in intelligence levels to the complexity of modern life.

§ 4. In today's fast-moving world, young people are required to interact constantly with electronic gadgets and equipment. This is developing youngsters' brains in ways that older generations never experienced. Computers are one of the major sources of stimulation, and activities such as playing games and using the Internet seem to be particularly important.

§ 5. There are still some things that remain unexplained, however. For example, the increase in children's lo scores varies according to the type of intelligence being tested. It appears that nowadays people are better at abstract thinking than their ancestors were  — but their verbal and mathematical abilities have remained the same as those of previous generations. No one knows why this is the case. Nevertheless, during the last few years there has certainly been a general upward trend, and it has been found that the present generation have IQs about 15 points above their parents.

§ 6. It has been claimed that, in moderation, computer gaming is positively good for youngsters. It requires positive qualities such as determination, fast thinking and rapid learning. However, it seems that improvements in IQ may not last very long without continuing stimulation. The brain seems to be like a muscle and requires repeated and vigorous exercise to stay fit and healthy. When it comes to IQ, it's a case of 'Use it or lose it'.

Про­чи­тай­те текст и вы­бе­ри­те ва­ри­ант от­ве­та, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щий его со­дер­жа­нию.

 

In the first paragraph, the writer says that computer games

1) are not as good for children as reading.
2) can improve the intelligence of young people.
3) are now used in many different ways by children.
16.  
i

§ 1. There used to be a general feeling that computer games were bad for you, and books were good. Now people are not so sure. Researchers have found that computer games, television and the Internet have become key factors in boosting children's IQs up to levels never reached by past generations.

§ 2. The idea that intelligence can be measured was first suggested about a century ago, but at that time it was hard to find tests that gave useful results. Over the past two decades, however, tests have become more complex and researchers have found that IQ scores can give a good indication of what children's future exam results will be. Some experts have even claimed that IQ scores can accurately predict what level of income and status young people will achieve in adult life.

§ 3. Why are today's youngsters doing so much better than their grandparents? Of course, better nutrition, higher standards of living and improved education all play their part in raising general levels of intelligence. But there seems to be more to it than that. Scientists are attributing the change in intelligence levels to the complexity of modern life.

§ 4. In today's fast-moving world, young people are required to interact constantly with electronic gadgets and equipment. This is developing youngsters' brains in ways that older generations never experienced. Computers are one of the major sources of stimulation, and activities such as playing games and using the Internet seem to be particularly important.

§ 5. There are still some things that remain unexplained, however. For example, the increase in children's lo scores varies according to the type of intelligence being tested. It appears that nowadays people are better at abstract thinking than their ancestors were  — but their verbal and mathematical abilities have remained the same as those of previous generations. No one knows why this is the case. Nevertheless, during the last few years there has certainly been a general upward trend, and it has been found that the present generation have IQs about 15 points above their parents.

§ 6. It has been claimed that, in moderation, computer gaming is positively good for youngsters. It requires positive qualities such as determination, fast thinking and rapid learning. However, it seems that improvements in IQ may not last very long without continuing stimulation. The brain seems to be like a muscle and requires repeated and vigorous exercise to stay fit and healthy. When it comes to IQ, it's a case of 'Use it or lose it'.

Про­чи­тай­те текст и вы­бе­ри­те ва­ри­ант от­ве­та, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щий его со­дер­жа­нию.

 

According to the article, in the last twenty years IQ tests have become

1) a substitute for examinations.
2) a way of increasing Y people's income.
3) more reliable than they used to be.
17.  
i

§ 1. There used to be a general feeling that computer games were bad for you, and books were good. Now people are not so sure. Researchers have found that computer games, television and the Internet have become key factors in boosting children's IQs up to levels never reached by past generations.

§ 2. The idea that intelligence can be measured was first suggested about a century ago, but at that time it was hard to find tests that gave useful results. Over the past two decades, however, tests have become more complex and researchers have found that IQ scores can give a good indication of what children's future exam results will be. Some experts have even claimed that IQ scores can accurately predict what level of income and status young people will achieve in adult life.

§ 3. Why are today's youngsters doing so much better than their grandparents? Of course, better nutrition, higher standards of living and improved education all play their part in raising general levels of intelligence. But there seems to be more to it than that. Scientists are attributing the change in intelligence levels to the complexity of modern life.

§ 4. In today's fast-moving world, young people are required to interact constantly with electronic gadgets and equipment. This is developing youngsters' brains in ways that older generations never experienced. Computers are one of the major sources of stimulation, and activities such as playing games and using the Internet seem to be particularly important.

§ 5. There are still some things that remain unexplained, however. For example, the increase in children's lo scores varies according to the type of intelligence being tested. It appears that nowadays people are better at abstract thinking than their ancestors were  — but their verbal and mathematical abilities have remained the same as those of previous generations. No one knows why this is the case. Nevertheless, during the last few years there has certainly been a general upward trend, and it has been found that the present generation have IQs about 15 points above their parents.

§ 6. It has been claimed that, in moderation, computer gaming is positively good for youngsters. It requires positive qualities such as determination, fast thinking and rapid learning. However, it seems that improvements in IQ may not last very long without continuing stimulation. The brain seems to be like a muscle and requires repeated and vigorous exercise to stay fit and healthy. When it comes to IQ, it's a case of 'Use it or lose it'.

Про­чи­тай­те текст и вы­бе­ри­те ва­ри­ант от­ве­та, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щий его со­дер­жа­нию.

 

What does the writer say about young people and electronic equipment nowadays?

1) The equipment makes things too easy for them.
2) The equipment is an important part of their daily lives.
3) They depend on the equipment for their entertainment.
18.  
i

§ 1. If you've ever thought that talking to someone was a waste of breath, you might be comforted to know that in some cases you are right  — the words we utter have very little effect on people compared with how we say them and what we are doing when we say them.

§ 2. Recent research has shown that in a presentation before a group of people, 55 per cent of the effect on the audience is determined by the body language of the speaker, 38 per cent by their tone of voice and only 7 per cent by the actual content of what is being said. Body language speaks louder than words.

§ 3. So can performance and communication skills really be improved? It would appear so, according to Neuro-Linguistic Programming, or NLP, which was developed in the 1970s by therapist Richard Bandler and linguistics professor John Grinder. They asked: "What makes the difference between someone who is competent at something and someone who is excellent?" They examined the behaviour of people generally considered to be examples of excellence in their respective fields to identify what they were doing consciously (осо­знан­но) and unconsciously. Surprisingly, they discovered patterns of communication which all these high achievers were using to produce consistently positive results. They found that they were able to copy these strategies and achieve similar success, so they developed a way of teaching these skills to other people, a method they called Neuro-Linguistic Programming.

§ 4. They have discovered how people achieve mutual understanding, both consciously and unconsciously, by observing the body language and voice patterns of the person they are talking to. If you're dealing with someone who is painfully shy, you're not going to make a good connection by overwhelming them with your cheerfulness. By matching someone's behaviour we can gain their confidence, achieve a good relationship and improve the quality of communication  — in other words, we can get on someone's wavelength. NLP practitioners claim anyone can learn how to do this, and quite quickly. NLP is all about taking one's unconscious, not very highly developed skills and practising them consciously.

§ 5. Another powerful aspect of NLP is its use of positive thinking. We can become aware of the negative and turn it to the positive. Once it is framed in a positive way as a goal, the brain can begin to cope with it and then apply itself to achieving that outcome. To put it another way, if you don't know where you're going, it makes it harder to get there.

Про­чи­тай­те текст и вы­бе­ри­те ва­ри­ант от­ве­та, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щий его со­дер­жа­нию.

 

What has recent research into the way people speak shown?

1) Certain kinds of body language create distrust.
2) A person's tone of voice often does not match what they are saying.
3) Failure to communicate well has little to do with what you say.
19.  
i

Пе­ре­ве­ди­те на ан­глий­ский язык фраг­мент пред­ло­же­ния, дан­ный в скоб­ках.

 

It (имеет) sense to listen to your doctor's advice.

20.  
i

Пе­ре­ве­ди­те на ан­глий­ский язык фраг­мент пред­ло­же­ния, дан­ный в скоб­ках.

 

Using someone (дру­го­го) personal information and pretending to be them is a form of identity theft.

21.  
i

The Red Sea coast of Egypt is surely one of the best places in the world to go underwater diving. Its hot sunny climate and clear warm water (1) ... it the ideal place for beginners as (2) ... as for experienced divers. Man different types of diving are possible in the area. At centres for complete beginners (3) ... are training courses which include simple dives with a qualified instructor. These dives get them used to being underwater and teach some basic skills (4) ... as swimming and breathing below the surface.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

22.  
i

The Red Sea coast of Egypt is surely one of the best places in the world to go underwater diving. Its hot sunny climate and clear warm water (1) ... it the ideal place for beginners as (2) ... as for experienced divers. Man different types of diving are possible in the area. At centres for complete beginners (3) ... are training courses which include simple dives with a qualified instructor. These dives get them used to being underwater and teach some basic skills (4) ... as swimming and breathing below the surface.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

23.  
i

The Red Sea coast of Egypt is surely one of the best places in the world to go underwater diving. Its hot sunny climate and clear warm water (1) ... it the ideal place for beginners as (2) ... as for experienced divers. Man different types of diving are possible in the area. At centres for complete beginners (3) ... are training courses which include simple dives with a qualified instructor. These dives get them used to being underwater and teach some basic skills (4) ... as swimming and breathing below the surface.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

24.  
i

The Red Sea coast of Egypt is surely one of the best places in the world to go underwater diving. Its hot sunny climate and clear warm water (1) ... it the ideal place for beginners as (2) ... as for experienced divers. Man different types of diving are possible in the area. At centres for complete beginners (3) ... are training courses which include simple dives with a qualified instructor. These dives get them used to being underwater and teach some basic skills (4) ... as swimming and breathing below the surface.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4) толь­ко одним сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

25.  
i

The number of people working a traditional nine-to-five day at the office is decreasing. People can (1) ... (EASY) work from home with access to the Internet, email and all the rest of it, and while managers who do this may still work the same number of hours, start and finish times can be more (2) ... (FLEX). This doesn’t mean that the office as a physical place isn’t still important. This is where talking to clients or interviewing candidates for jobs takes place and it’s unlikely to be (3) ... (PLACE) any time soon. In (4) ... (ADD), work premises have become nicer places to be than they were even ten years ago.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От при­ве­ден­но­го в скоб­ке (1) слова об­ра­зуй­те ОД­НО­КО­РЕН­НОЕ слово таким об­ра­зом, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (1). Пом­ни­те, что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить.

26.  
i

The number of people working a traditional nine-to-five day at the office is decreasing. People can (1) ... (EASY) work from home with access to the Internet, email and all the rest of it, and while managers who do this may still work the same number of hours, start and finish times can be more (2) ... (FLEX). This doesn’t mean that the office as a physical place isn’t still important. This is where talking to clients or interviewing candidates for jobs takes place and it’s unlikely to be (3) ... (PLACE) any time soon. In (4) ... (ADD), work premises have become nicer places to be than they were even ten years ago.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От при­ве­ден­но­го в скоб­ке (2) слова об­ра­зуй­те ОД­НО­КО­РЕН­НОЕ слово таким об­ра­зом, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (2). Пом­ни­те, что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить.

27.  
i

The number of people working a traditional nine-to-five day at the office is decreasing. People can (1) ... (EASY) work from home with access to the Internet, email and all the rest of it, and while managers who do this may still work the same number of hours, start and finish times can be more (2) ... (FLEX). This doesn’t mean that the office as a physical place isn’t still important. This is where talking to clients or interviewing candidates for jobs takes place and it’s unlikely to be (3) ... (PLACE) any time soon. In (4) ... (ADD), work premises have become nicer places to be than they were even ten years ago.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От при­ве­ден­но­го в скоб­ке (3) слова об­ра­зуй­те ОД­НО­КО­РЕН­НОЕ слово таким об­ра­зом, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (3). Пом­ни­те, что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить.

28.  
i

The number of people working a traditional nine-to-five day at the office is decreasing. People can (1) ... (EASY) work from home with access to the Internet, email and all the rest of it, and while managers who do this may still work the same number of hours, start and finish times can be more (2) ... (FLEX). This doesn’t mean that the office as a physical place isn’t still important. This is where talking to clients or interviewing candidates for jobs takes place and it’s unlikely to be (3) ... (PLACE) any time soon. In (4) ... (ADD), work premises have become nicer places to be than they were even ten years ago.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. От при­ве­ден­но­го в скоб­ке (4) слова об­ра­зуй­те ОД­НО­КО­РЕН­НОЕ слово таким об­ра­зом, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста. За­пол­ни­те про­пуск (4). Пом­ни­те, что за­дан­ную форму слова не­об­хо­ди­мо из­ме­нить.

29.  
i

1.  She described the whole play to us ... detail.

2.  Both my sons are crazy ... old motorbikes.

3.  The restaurant prides itself ... having the best pizza in town.

4.  There are so ... lemons in the fridge that I can't make lemonade.

5.  ... Susan use to be slim when she was at university?

6.  Bob Dylan ... original name was Robert Zimmerman won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ние (1). За­пол­ни­те про­пуск ОДНИМ сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

30.  
i

1.  She described the whole play to us ... detail.

2.  Both my sons are crazy ... old motorbikes.

3.  The restaurant prides itself ... having the best pizza in town.

4.  There are so ... lemons in the fridge that I can't make lemonade.

5.  ... Susan use to be slim when she was at university?

6.  Bob Dylan ... original name was Robert Zimmerman won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ние (2). За­пол­ни­те каж­дый из про­пус­ков толь­ко ОДНИМ сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

31.  
i

1.  She described the whole play to us ... detail.

2.  Both my sons are crazy ... old motorbikes.

3.  The restaurant prides itself ... having the best pizza in town.

4.  There are so ... lemons in the fridge that I can't make lemonade.

5.  ... Susan use to be slim when she was at university?

6.  Bob Dylan ... original name was Robert Zimmerman won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ние (3). За­пол­ни­те каж­дый из про­пус­ков толь­ко ОДНИМ сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

32.  
i

1.  She described the whole play to us ... detail.

2.  Both my sons are crazy ... old motorbikes.

3.  The restaurant prides itself ... having the best pizza in town.

4.  There are so ... lemons in the fridge that I can't make lemonade.

5.  ... Susan use to be slim when she was at university?

6.  Bob Dylan ... original name was Robert Zimmerman won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.

Про­чи­тай­те пред­ло­же­ние (4). За­пол­ни­те каж­дый из про­пус­ков толь­ко ОДНИМ сло­вом, под­хо­дя­щим по смыс­лу. Слово долж­но со­дер­жать не более 15 сим­во­лов.

33.  
i

1.  The tallest trees in the world are called redwoods and they have grow in California. These

2.  trees which can reach heights of around 91 metres. Among the enormous redwoods,

3.  one other giant tree beats them all. This tree was discovered and measured in 2006.

4.  The National Park Service then announced itself that at 115.7 metres, it was the tallest

5.  tree in the world. Now it is so enough famous that it even has a name, ‘Hyperion’.

6.  In California there are every other giant redwoods which are just a little shorter than

7.  Hyperion. The exact location of many of these enormous trees is been kept secret to

8.  prevent them from being damaged. A typical redwood tree may lives for 500 to 700 years.

9.  The National Park Service says that the redwoods’ great height it is mainly due to the

10.  climate in California; there is many heavy rain every year and the temperatures are mild.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Из стро­ки (1) вы­пи­ши­те ОДНО лиш­нее слово.

34.  
i

1.  The tallest trees in the world are called redwoods and they have grow in California. These

2.  trees which can reach heights of around 91 metres. Among the enormous redwoods,

3.  one other giant tree beats them all. This tree was discovered and measured in 2006.

4.  The National Park Service then announced itself that at 115.7 metres, it was the tallest

5.  tree in the world. Now it is so enough famous that it even has a name, ‘Hyperion’.

6.  In California there are every other giant redwoods which are just a little shorter than

7.  Hyperion. The exact location of many of these enormous trees is been kept secret to

8.  prevent them from being damaged. A typical redwood tree may lives for 500 to 700 years.

9.  The National Park Service says that the redwoods’ great height it is mainly due to the

10.  climate in California; there is many heavy rain every year and the temperatures are mild.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Из стро­ки (2) вы­пи­ши­те ОДНО лиш­нее слово.

35.  
i

1.  The tallest trees in the world are called redwoods and they have grow in California. These

2.  trees which can reach heights of around 91 metres. Among the enormous redwoods,

3.  one other giant tree beats them all. This tree was discovered and measured in 2006.

4.  The National Park Service then announced itself that at 115.7 metres, it was the tallest

5.  tree in the world. Now it is so enough famous that it even has a name, ‘Hyperion’.

6.  In California there are every other giant redwoods which are just a little shorter than

7.  Hyperion. The exact location of many of these enormous trees is been kept secret to

8.  prevent them from being damaged. A typical redwood tree may lives for 500 to 700 years.

9.  The National Park Service says that the redwoods’ great height it is mainly due to the

10.  climate in California; there is many heavy rain every year and the temperatures are mild.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Из стро­ки (3) вы­пи­ши­те ОДНО лиш­нее слово.

36.  
i

1.  The tallest trees in the world are called redwoods and they have grow in California. These

2.  trees which can reach heights of around 91 metres. Among the enormous redwoods,

3.  one other giant tree beats them all. This tree was discovered and measured in 2006.

4.  The National Park Service then announced itself that at 115.7 metres, it was the tallest

5.  tree in the world. Now it is so enough famous that it even has a name, ‘Hyperion’.

6.  In California there are every other giant redwoods which are just a little shorter than

7.  Hyperion. The exact location of many of these enormous trees is been kept secret to

8.  prevent them from being damaged. A typical redwood tree may lives for 500 to 700 years.

9.  The National Park Service says that the redwoods’ great height it is mainly due to the

10.  climate in California; there is many heavy rain every year and the temperatures are mild.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Из стро­ки (4) вы­пи­ши­те ОДНО лиш­нее слово.

37.  
i

1.  The tallest trees in the world are called redwoods and they have grow in California. These

2.  trees which can reach heights of around 91 metres. Among the enormous redwoods,

3.  one other giant tree beats them all. This tree was discovered and measured in 2006.

4.  The National Park Service then announced itself that at 115.7 metres, it was the tallest

5.  tree in the world. Now it is so enough famous that it even has a name, ‘Hyperion’.

6.  In California there are every other giant redwoods which are just a little shorter than

7.  Hyperion. The exact location of many of these enormous trees is been kept secret to

8.  prevent them from being damaged. A typical redwood tree may lives for 500 to 700 years.

9.  The National Park Service says that the redwoods’ great height it is mainly due to the

10.  climate in California; there is many heavy rain every year and the temperatures are mild.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Из стро­ки (5) вы­пи­ши­те ОДНО лиш­нее слово.

38.  
i

1.  The tallest trees in the world are called redwoods and they have grow in California. These

2.  trees which can reach heights of around 91 metres. Among the enormous redwoods,

3.  one other giant tree beats them all. This tree was discovered and measured in 2006.

4.  The National Park Service then announced itself that at 115.7 metres, it was the tallest

5.  tree in the world. Now it is so enough famous that it even has a name, ‘Hyperion’.

6.  In California there are every other giant redwoods which are just a little shorter than

7.  Hyperion. The exact location of many of these enormous trees is been kept secret to

8.  prevent them from being damaged. A typical redwood tree may lives for 500 to 700 years.

9.  The National Park Service says that the redwoods’ great height it is mainly due to the

10.  climate in California; there is many heavy rain every year and the temperatures are mild.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Из стро­ки (6) вы­пи­ши­те ОДНО лиш­нее слово.

39.  
i

1.  The tallest trees in the world are called redwoods and they have grow in California. These

2.  trees which can reach heights of around 91 metres. Among the enormous redwoods,

3.  one other giant tree beats them all. This tree was discovered and measured in 2006.

4.  The National Park Service then announced itself that at 115.7 metres, it was the tallest

5.  tree in the world. Now it is so enough famous that it even has a name, ‘Hyperion’.

6.  In California there are every other giant redwoods which are just a little shorter than

7.  Hyperion. The exact location of many of these enormous trees is been kept secret to

8.  prevent them from being damaged. A typical redwood tree may lives for 500 to 700 years.

9.  The National Park Service says that the redwoods’ great height it is mainly due to the

10.  climate in California; there is many heavy rain every year and the temperatures are mild.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Из стро­ки (9) вы­пи­ши­те ОДНО лиш­нее слово.

40.  
i

1.  The tallest trees in the world are called redwoods and they have grow in California. These

2.  trees which can reach heights of around 91 metres. Among the enormous redwoods,

3.  one other giant tree beats them all. This tree was discovered and measured in 2006.

4.  The National Park Service then announced itself that at 115.7 metres, it was the tallest

5.  tree in the world. Now it is so enough famous that it even has a name, ‘Hyperion’.

6.  In California there are every other giant redwoods which are just a little shorter than

7.  Hyperion. The exact location of many of these enormous trees is been kept secret to

8.  prevent them from being damaged. A typical redwood tree may lives for 500 to 700 years.

9.  The National Park Service says that the redwoods’ great height it is mainly due to the

10.  climate in California; there is many heavy rain every year and the temperatures are mild.

Про­чи­тай­те текст. Из стро­ки (10) вы­пи­ши­те ОДНО лиш­нее слово.